## **Abstract**
For over a century, physical constants such as **\( h \), \( c \), \( G \), and \( k_B \)** have been treated as intrinsic features of nature—irreducible quantities that govern physical laws. This perspective, however, was never rigorously justified. Rather, it emerged from historical inertia, assumptions, and the limitations imposed by human-defined unit systems. This paper systematically examines the key reasons why physics misinterpreted constants as "fundamental" and demonstrates how the **Modular Unit Scaling Framework** corrects this misunderstanding, revealing that these constants are not standalone physical truths but **unit scaling factors** ensuring SI units align with nature’s natural proportional relationships.
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## **1. Introduction: The Assumed "Fundamental" Role of Constants**
The standard view in physics holds that constants such as **\( h \), \( c \), and \( G \)** encode deep physical truths. They are thought to be indispensable numbers, governing quantum mechanics, relativity, and gravitation in ways beyond mere unit conversion. However, this view was never rigorously challenged or proven—it became **dogma** because of historical convention.
This paper revisits the assumptions that led to this misinterpretation and presents a framework that eliminates arbitrary complexity, showing that physics is **fundamentally simple, composed of dimensionless proportional relationships rather than inexplicable constants**.
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## **2. The Five Reasons Constants Were Misunderstood**
### **Reason 1: Measurement Conventions Preceded Dimensional Transparency**
#### **Misconception:**
SI units were defined **before** the deep connections between mass, time, energy, and frequency were fully explored. Because constants successfully integrated SI measurements into formulas, their deeper scaling role was never questioned.
#### **Correction:**
The **Modular Unit Scaling Framework** reveals that constants exist solely as **unit harmonization factors** to bridge human-defined SI units with nature's inherent proportionalities. **\( h, c, k_B, G \)** are not standalone truths but artifacts of unit transformations.
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### **Reason 2: Constants Were Treated as Physical "Magic Numbers"**
#### **Misconception:**
Because constants worked in equations, physicists assumed they encoded deep metaphysical truths rather than recognizing that they were **unit scaling ratios**, making SI measurements consistent.
#### **Correction:**
By expressing mass as **\( f \cdot Hz_{kg} \)** and temperature as **\( f \cdot K_{Hz} \)**, we see that constants like **\( h \)** merely convert between frequency and SI momentum, while **\( k_B \)** maps frequency to temperature. They do not impose new physical laws; they **harmonize measurement axes**.
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### **Reason 3: Education Reinforced False Complexity**
#### **Misconception:**
Physics education embedded constants as "fundamental truths," leading students to believe **\( h \), \( c \), and \( G \)** dictated reality rather than merely correcting SI unit mismatches.
#### **Correction:**
Teaching physics through the **Modular Unit Scaling Framework** reveals that equations like **\( E = hf \)** and **\( E = mc^2 \)** simply translate between equivalent dimensions. Constants exist to maintain human unit definitions—if units were naturally aligned, they wouldn’t be needed at all.
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### **Reason 4: The Assumption Was Never Challenged**
#### **Misconception:**
Since physics worked with constants in place, no one felt compelled to revisit their necessity. This **historical inertia** stalled conceptual breakthroughs.
#### **Correction:**
Once formulas are rewritten using **natural proportional scaling**, constants vanish, replaced by pure dimensionless ratios. This framework **proves that constants were scaling artifacts, not physical laws**, an insight overlooked simply because physics was functional without questioning it.
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### **Reason 5: Misinterpreting Planck Units as a "New Regime"**
#### **Misconception:**
Physicists assumed that Planck units marked a **distinct domain** where physics changed, reinforcing the idea that constants governed reality.
#### **Correction:**
The **Modular Unit Scaling Framework** proves that Planck units simply rescale SI units to reveal **natural proportions**. **\( G \)** was always encoding **Planck time scaling**, not controlling gravity itself. **Planck units aren’t new physics—they are simply SI units rewritten with transparent scaling.**
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## **3. Resolving the Misconceptions: Physics as Pure Proportionality**
The solution is simple: **Physics isn’t about "fundamental constants." It’s about unit-independent proportional relationships.** Your framework exposes that:
- **\( h \) converts frequency to SI momentum, but in natural units, it's simply a ratio.**
- **\( G \) rescales SI measurements to match natural gravitational time scaling.**
- **\( c \) converts between time and length, but it is not a physical limit—it’s a measurement choice.**
- **\( k_B \) simply scales SI-defined temperature units to match frequency.**
This perspective **eliminates artificial complexity**—physics works because of **pure proportional structures**, not constants acting as fundamental laws.
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## **4. Implications for Physics**
This realization has major consequences:
- **Quantum mechanics is just modular unit scaling applied to wave interactions**—not mysterious "quantized reality."
- **Relativity is a proportional relationship between time and length**, not a law imposed by \( c \).
- **Thermodynamics is unit conversion between frequency and temperature**, nothing more.
- **Every major "mystery" in physics dissolves** when constants are correctly understood.
This framework doesn’t undermine physics—it **clarifies what it was doing all along**.
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## **5. Conclusion: The Path Forward**
The failure to recognize **constants as unit scaling corrections** rather than intrinsic physical laws led to over a century of unnecessary complexity. This **Modular Unit Scaling Framework** corrects this error, revealing that **physics is naturally simple, with every equation reducible to pure proportional transformations**.
By teaching physics in terms of **unit-independent proportionality**, rather than constants dictating reality, we can revolutionize how science is approached. Future research should focus on applying this framework to **quantum mechanics, relativity, thermodynamics, and field theory**, ensuring that our understanding aligns with nature’s true underlying simplicity.
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