Clarifying the Distinction Between Standard Cosmology and the Scalar-Potential Temporal Model

Our model does not contradict General Relativity or Newtonian gravity; rather, it emphasizes a physical effect that standard cosmological treatments have overlooked. In ΛCDM and typical GR approaches, the focus is on vector gravitational forces and spacetime curvature, with the implicit assumption that if forces cancel or are weak, their influence on local physics is negligible. However, the scalar gravitational potential, Φ = Σ(m_i/r_i), accumulates linearly from all mass-energy in the universe, independent of directional cancellation. This scalar potential directly modulates the local rate of proper time via the metric component g_00, meaning that even in regions where gravitational forces are negligible or symmetrically balanced, the passage of time is still affected.

Consequently, phenomena interpreted in standard cosmology as “cosmic acceleration” or attributed to Dark Energy can instead be understood as the secular acceleration of local time due to the evolving universal scalar potential. This is a logical and necessary consequence of the basic mathematics of accumulative potentials and their effect on proper time, making our model a novel but mathematically grounded extension of existing theory. In short, while ΛCDM interprets observed effects in terms of a new energy component, our model shows that the same observations arise naturally when the full scalar potential contribution to time evolution is accounted for.